Okay.~THIS IS FULL OF STUFF GIVEN TO ME.
By Miyu and EmPlate tectonics
When waves pass through solids, they move faster. When they pass through liquids, they slow down. Waves also change direction when they pass through liquids and solids.
P-Wave: Primary Waves, the pass through liquids and solids.
S-Wave: Secondary wave, the pass through solids only.
Hot Spots: Magma Chambers that stays in the same place when plates moves over hotspots.
Astronomy:
Types of Galaxy:
Galaxy: Hundreds of millions of stars bounded together by gravity.
Spiral Galaxy: (Ex: Milky Way Galaxy)
Property:
1. Has billions of stars
2. Are going through lifecycles (Stars born and die)
3. Turns into a Nova or a Super Nova.
4. Nebula-gigantic gas clouds from exploding stars
5. Heavy Elements. Exploding stars make heavy elements like uranium and other irons and metals
4 major elements.
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Elements are made by nuclear fusion. Particles come together.
H + H + H + H =He
Stars make elements Elements made by stars were in the Periodic Table Elements 1-92, I is hydrogen, 92 is uranium.
93- 121 is human made elements.
Clusters of Galaxys
Bound together by dark matters
group of 5-10 galaxies
The closest galaxy to us is the Andrometer Galaxy, also a spiral galaxy.
A celestial object is any object outside the earth’s atmosphere. They all move in the same direction and speed. All celestial objects appear to move through the sky east to west. The paths of these apparent motions are circular and occurs at a constant rate of 15 degrees per hour. That is call daily motion.
Aphelion: Point farthest from the sun.
Perihelion: Point closest to the sun.
All planets have elliptical orbits.
Distance from earth to moon is 240,000 miles.
Kepler’s 1st law:The force of gravitation between the sun and a planet is always pulling the planet towards the sun. The planet does not fall into the sun because of the centrifugal effect of its orbital motion. The two forces balance each other. However, when earth moves closer to the sun, its speeds increases due to the increased force of gravity.
When the earth moves away from the sun, its speed decreases due to the decreased force of gravity.
Kepler’s 2nd law: A planet will cross elliptical arcs A, B, C in equal time. (Area A= Area B= Area C) Stated another way, an imaginary line connecting the sun and the planet always sweep through equal areas during equal intervals of time. Since equal areas must be covered in equal areas during equal intervals of time. Since speed must be the fastest at perihelion and slowest at aphelion.
Rocks and Minerals:
Most rocks consist of more than one mineral, they are called polymineralic (granite)
Some rocks consist of only one mineral. They are called monominerallic.
There are over 2000 different types of mineral in the earth..
Organic minerals contain carbon.
Astronomy: We can see the moon only because the moon reflects light from the sun
Weather:
wave cyclone-air pressure- Low pressure system
All weather occur in the troposphere.
Streams deposit sediments by transporting to oceans
Sediments accumulate on the ocean floor.
After many millions of years, the sediments compacts/ lithify and cement, forming layers of bedrock. Disconformity occurs when uplifted bedrock and layering happens w/o folding/ Tilting of bedrock
Syncline: Upward FOld
Anticline: Downward Fold.
Submergence: Covering of Land due to rising sea level.
| High Pressure | Low Pressure |
| 1. Low moisture in Air 2. dry air 3 clear and sunny 4.low humidity 5. low temperature 6. high atmpspheric pressure 7. Wind move away from the center in clockwise directions downwards 8. cold front 9. cold air mass sinks 10. above 1013.2 mb, air pressure increase | 1. high moisture in the air 2. moist air 3. cloudly rand rainy 4. high humidity 5. high temperature 6. low atmospheric pressure 7. wind moves towards the center in counter clockwise direction upwards. hurricanes, high winds, tornadoes, dark clouds, thunder storms 8. a warm front 9. warm air pass rises 10. below 1013.2mb, air pressure decreases. |
Fronts is an air mass that has the same properties and conditions throughout the air mass. where 2 fronts collide, there is a thunderstorm.
Breezes: Gentle winds that extend over distance of less than 100km
Sea Breeze: A cool wind moving from above the water to land
Land Breeze: Flows from the cool land towards the warmer water
Valley Breeze: warm air from the valleys move upslope.
Mountain Breeze: cool air descends from the mountain peaks
No comments:
Post a Comment